| TAURINE Taurine is a nonessential amino acid, which means that it is manufactured from other amino acids in the liver; it does not have to be obtained directly through the diet. High concentrations of taurine are found in the heart muscle, white blood cells, skeletal muscle, and central nervous system. Highest concentration of Taurine is in the heart. Also, highly concentrated in the eye. It is a building block of all the other amino acids as well as a key component of bile, which is needed for the digestion of fats, the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins, and the control of serum cholesterol levels. Taurine can be useful for people with atherosclerosis, edema, heart disorders, hypertension, or hypoglycemia. It is vital for the proper utilization of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium, and it has been shown to playa particular role in sparing the loss of potassium from the heart muscle. This helps to prevent the development of potentially dangerous cardiac arrhythmias. Taurine has a protective effect on the brain, particularly if the brain is dehydrated. It is used to treat anxiety, epilepsy, hyperactivity, poor brain function, and seizures. Taurine is found in concentrations up to four times greater in the brains of children than in those of adults. It may be that a deficiency of taurine in the developing brain is involved in seizures. It can be synthesized from cysteine in the liver and from methionine elsewhere in the body, as long as sufficient quantities of vitamin B6 are present. For vegetarians, synthesis by the body is crucial. For individuals with genetic or metabolic disorders that prevent the synthesis of taurine, taurine supplementation is required. Main Functions: • In the nervous system, stabilizes cell membranes, which raises the seizure threshhold, and helps treat epileptic seizures. • Acts as inhibitory neurotransmitter and is as potent as Glycine and GABA. • Anti-convulsant effect is long-lasting and can be confirmed both clinically and by repeat EEG's (electroencephalograms). • Anti-oxidant. Slows down the aging process by neutralizing free radicals. • Reduces risk of gall stones by combining with bile acids to make them water soluble. • Involved in stabilization of heart rhythm. Loss of intracellular Taurine in the heart leads to arrhythmias. • Useful in treatment of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF). • Strenghtens neutrophils (white blood cells/part of immune system) in their ability to kill bacteria. • Useful in brain injury • Taurine supplementation may benefit children with Down syndrome and muscular dystrophy. • Used for breast cancer treatment. • Taurine supplementation may reduce symptoms of alcohol withdrawal. • Diabetes increases the body's requirements for taurine; conversely, supplementation with taurine and cystine may decrease the need for insulin. • Taurine is used to help absorb fats and fat-soluble vitamins as well as regulate the heart beat, maintain cell membrane stability, and prevent brain cell over-activity. It is also believed to be useful in protecting against the congestive heart failure. Recent research also indicates that taurine may be a very important amino acid for thinning bile and preventing gall stones. • Decreases cholesterol levels (along with Lysine, Carnitine, and Tryptophan). Taurine Deficiency: Excessive losses of taurine through the urine can be caused by many metabolic disorders. Cardiac arrhythmias, disorders of platelet formation, intestinal problems, an overgrowth of candida, physical or emotional stress, a zinc deficiency, and excessive consumption of alcohol are all associated with high urinary losses of taurine. Excessive alcohol consumption also causes the body to lose its ability to utilize taurine properly. Taurine is also associated with zinc in maintaining eye function; a deficiency of both may impair vision. Deficiencies seen in: • Parkinson's Disease • Anxiety • Candida • AIDS • Cardiac insufficiency • Hyptertension • Depression • Kidney failure Predictive Value: If Taurine levels are high, zinc and Vitamin B6 levels should be tested. P5P, an important form of Vitamin B6 is necessary for many amino acid reactions to take place Taurine Excess Seen In: • Vitamin B6 deficiency • Rheumatoid arthritis • Zinc deficiency • Liver disease Rich Food Sources of Taurine Taurine is found in eggs, fish, meat, and milk, but not in vegetable proteins. |